Effects of Black Seed Oil on Oxidative Stress Parameters and Gingival Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Diabetes and Periodontitis-Induced Rats

Using diabetic and periodontitis-induced rats, the effects of black seed oil on oxidative stress parameters and gingival expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase were examined in this study. Eight groups of forty eight were created. Rats from Group I were used as the Control group; they had unrestricted access to typical rat diet and were not given any medications. NS oil was given to the rats in group II in addition to their standard rat chow and water. In Group III animals, diabetes was induced without treatment. When diabetes was developed (DB + NS0), Group IV rats received NS oil (1 ml/kg) intraperitoneally. Untreated periodontitis was induced in Group V. 1 ml/kg of NS oil was given intraperitoneally after periodontitis was established in group VI rats. Following the establishment of diabetes and periodontitis in Group VII rats without therapy, Group VIII rats were administered with 1 ml/kg NS oil (DB+PD+NS). To evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), immunohistochemical analysis was done together with tests for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (MDA). With an increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation, diabetes and periodontitis induced a substantial reduction (P<0.05) in the activity and level of SOD, CAT, and GSH. Rats treated with black seed oil, however, exhibit increased levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH along with a commensurate decrease in MDA when compared to untreated animals in the DM, PD, and PD+DM groups. The administration of Nigella sativa oil significantly reduced the periodontal inflammation and elevated iNOS expression that were also brought on by diabetes and periodontitis. The findings of this study demonstrated that the administration of black seed oil as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetic and periodontitis-affected rats effectively suppressed iNOS expression and decreased oxidative stress.